Characteristics and prevention of the hottest ship

Characteristics and prevention of ship fire

in Chongqing, there are rivers passing by, such as the Yangtze River, Jialing River, Wujiang River, Fujiang River, Qijiang River, Daning River, etc., and water transportation is very developed. With the continuous expansion of the port scale in Chongqing, especially since the construction of the Three Gorges Dam, the flow of various ships to and from the port terminals has increased year by year, which has brought unprecedented challenges to the water fire control work in Chongqing. Especially in recent years, ship fires have occurred many times in the Yangtze River, Jialing River and other river areas and wharves, and the trend is increasing year by year

Chaotianmen dock in Yuzhong District, Chongqing, is the intersection of the Yangtze River and Jialing River. On July 5, 2007, a fire broke out on the passenger ship "Hainei No.1" docked here, causing the whole cabin on the third floor of the ship to be basically burned down, and the nearby river was banned from navigation for 1H. Afterwards, the fire department found out that the cause of the fire was that the water in the water heater on board was dry, causing a short circuit in the wire. Because it was not found in time, the fire spread into a fire. After only two days, a fire broke out on "Sichuan Airlines No.1" docked under Hongyadong in Yuzhong District. Fortunately, it was put out in time, and only one crew dormitory was burnt down. On September 12, the refueling pipe of the booster pump of the main engine of "Jinping No.2" which was collecting sand in the eggplant Creek of Dadukou District suddenly burst, and the engine oil splashed, causing a fire. In the process of extinguishing the fire, the fire officers and soldiers learned that the ship was loaded with 300kg diesel oil. After more than 50 fire officers and soldiers fought hard, they kept the 300kg diesel oil from catching fire and avoided a serious fire accident

characteristics of ship fire

1 The structure is complex and the space is narrow

the ship is the most important water port control source program. The following: tools, crew life and work are on the ship, and there are all kinds of cabins and machinery equipment. However, due to space limitations, the ship structure design is generally compact and complex. A 10000 DWT cargo ship has dozens of cabins for different purposes and many ventilation ducts and stairs. The passages and stairs in the cabin are very narrow. Most of the entrances and exits on the ship can only accommodate one person, and there are few evacuation passages. In case of fire, the oil-gas mixture is very easy to explode in the internal limited space. Moreover, due to the large number of people, the smoke and fire spread rapidly. In case of fire, passengers or tourists are very easy to panic, making it more difficult to evacuate

2. Modern ship hull structures are mostly made of steel plates with strong heat conductivity. Generally, the temperature can be increased by 500 ℃ ~ 900 ℃ within 3min ~ 5min after the fire for the convenience of customers' material research needs. The steel plate is quickly heated and becomes a very high temperature material. The hot steel plate is also easy to ignite the combustible materials adjacent to and close to the hull, thereby expanding the fire. At the same time, the ship has the height of high-rise buildings, the characteristics of underground buildings, and the complexity of chemical fire. It is a fire type that integrates the high-rise fire system to save the calibration value, underground fire, chemical fire, fire in densely populated places, and warehouse fire. It is difficult to prevent and extinguish fire

3. There are many combustibles in ships, and the spreading speed is fast.

although strict regulations and restrictions have been made on structural fire prevention in bulkheads, linings, ceilings and panels in ship cabins, there are still many places where combustible materials such as plywood, PVC board, polyurethane foam plastic and chemical fiber are used. 4. Furniture, carpets, curtains, beds, etc. in the cabin are also made of combustible materials, especially in the cabin of passenger ships. The weight of combustible decorative materials, furniture and bedding accounts for 5% - 9% of the deadweight of passenger ships, and the fire hazard is quite large. If there is a fire in the engine room, ship building and other parts, the fire will quickly spread around along the mechanical equipment, cable and oil pipeline. After the ship building is on fire, the fire may spread to the entire superstructure in a relatively short time

on the other hand, most ships store a large amount of fuel oil as power fuel, including gasoline, diesel, heavy oil, etc. among them, the fuel oil reserve of ocean going ships is about 10% of the ship's deadweight, which is easy to cause explosion after a fire

4. The traffic conditions are limited and the disposal is difficult.

when the ship is in fire, it may be in navigation, anchored in the river or docked in the port. In case of fire during navigation, the fire department will be unable to arrive in time due to the long distance and put out the fire. When the ship is docked on the shore, the ship draft is low, and the fire department is not easy to get close to the fire fighting, which will also seriously affect the speed of fire fighting and rescue. Therefore, the rescue of ship fire should mainly rely on the strength of the ship itself